About
// Contact
Latest
Stuff
Links
Art
Satire
Interviews
Asstrology
Fanciful
Musings
Poetry
Row
Voices
of America
T.
Dubbs Samples
Real News
More News |
|
An
Interesting Day:
President Bush's Movements and Actions on 9/11
By Allan Wood and Paul Thompson
This article was originally published by the
Center for Cooperative
Research. Text of all the media reports referenced in this article
can be found here.
May 9, 2003 -- At approximately 8:48 a.m. on the
morning of September 11, 2001, the first pictures of the burning
World Trade Center were broadcast on live television. The news anchors,
reporters, and viewers had little idea what had happened in lower
Manhattan, but there were some people who did know. By that time,
the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA), the North American Aerospace
Defense Command (NORAD), the National Military Command Center, the
Pentagon, the White House, the Secret Service, and Canada's Strategic
Command all knew that three commercial airplanes had been hijacked.
They knew that one plane had been flown deliberately into the World
Trade Center's North Tower; a second plane was wildly off course
and also heading toward Manhattan; and a third plane had abruptly
turned around over Ohio and was flying back toward Washington, DC.
So why, at 9:03 a.m. -- fifteen minutes after it
was clear the United States was under terrorist attack -- did President
Bush sit down with a classroom of second-graders and begin a 20-minute
pre-planned photo op? No one knows the answer to that question.
In fact, no one has even asked Bush about it.
Bush's actions on September 11, 2001, have been
the subject of lively debate, mostly on the internet. Details reported
that day and in the week after the attacks -- both the media reports
and accounts given by Bush himself -- have changed radically over
the past 18 months. Culling hundreds of reports from newspapers,
magazines, and the internet has only made finding the "truth"
of what happened, and when it happened, more confusing. In the changed
political climate after 9/11, few have dared raise challenging questions
about Bush's actions. A journalist who said Bush was "flying
around the country like a scared child, seeking refuge in his mother's
bed after having a nightmare" and another who said Bush "skedaddled"
were fired. [Washington Post, 9/29/01 (B)] We should have a concise
record of where President Bush was throughout the day the US was
attacked, but we do not.
What follows is an attempt to give the most complete
account of Bush's actions -- from Florida to Louisiana to Nebraska
to Washington, DC.
Preparations
Bush's appearance at the Emma E. Booker Elementary
School in Sarasota, Florida, on September 11, 2001, had been in
the planning stages since August [Booker web site], but was only
publicly announced on the morning of September 7. [White House,
9/7/01] Later that same day, 9/11 hijackers Mohamed Atta and Marwan
Alshehhi traveled to Sarasota and enjoyed drinks and dinner at a
Holiday Inn only two miles down the sandy beach from where Bush
was scheduled to stay during his Sarasota visit. [Longboat Observer,
11/21/01, Washington Post, 1/27/02]
On the night of September 10th, Bush stayed at the Colony Beach
Resort -- "an upscale and relatively pristine tropical island
enclave located directly on the Gulf of Mexico, a spindly coral
island ... off Sarasota, Florida." [AP, 07/29/01] Zainlabdeen
Omer, a Sudanese native living in Sarasota, told the local police
that night that someone he knew who had made violent threats against
Bush was in town and Omer was worried about Bush's safety. The man
was identified only as "Ghandi." A police report states
the Secret Service was informed immediately. [Hopsicker, 7/22/02]
After a private dinner with various Florida politicians
(including his brother Jeb) and Republican donors, Bush went to
bed around 10:00 p.m. [Sarasota Magazine, 11/01, Washington Post,
1/27/02] Surface-to-air missiles were placed on the roof of the
resort [Sarasota Herald-Tribune, 9/10/02], and an Airborne Warning
and Control System (AWACS) plane circled high overhead. [Fighting
Back: The War on Terrorism - From Inside the Bush White House, by
Bill Sammon, 10/02, p. 25] It's not clear if this type of protection
was standard for the president or whether security was increased
because of possible threats.
An Assassination Attempt?
Bush awoke a little before 6:00 a.m. on September
11, pulled on shorts and an old T-shirt and laced up his running
shoes. [CBS, 11/1/02] At 6:30 a.m., Bush, a reporter friend, and
his Secret Service crew took a four-mile jog in the half-light of
dawn around a nearby golf course. [Washington Post, 1/27/02, Washington
Post, 09/11/01]
At about the same time Bush was getting ready for
his jog, a van carrying several Middle Eastern men pulled up to
the Colony's guard station. The men said they were a television
news crew with a scheduled "poolside" interview with the
president. They asked for a certain Secret Service agent by name.
The message was relayed to a Secret Service agent inside the resort,
who hadn't heard of the agent mentioned or of plans for an interview.
He told the men to contact the president's public relations office
in Washington, DC, and had the van turned away. [Longboat Observer,
9/26/01]
General Ahmed Shah Massoud.
The Secret Service may have foiled an assassination attempt. Two
days earlier, Ahmed Shah Massoud, leader of Afghanistan's Northern
Alliance, had been murdered by a similar ruse. Two North African
men, posing as journalists from "Arabic News International,"
had been requesting an interview with Massoud since late August.
Ahmad Jamsheed, Massoud's secretary, said that by the night of September
8, "they were so worried and excitable, they were begging us."
An interview was arranged for the following day. As it began, a
bomb hidden in the video camera exploded, killing the two journalists.
Massoud was rushed by helicopter to a hospital in Tajikistan, but
was pronounced dead on arrival (although his death was not acknowledged
until September 15). [International Policy Institute for Counter-Terrorism,
10/30/01, Newsday, 10/26/01] The assassination is widely believed
to have been timed to remove the Taliban's most popular and respected
opponent in anticipation of the backlash that would occur after
the 9/11 attacks. [BBC, 9/10/01, BBC, 9/10/01 (B), Time, 8/4/02,
St. Petersburg Times, 9/9/02] The Northern Alliance blamed al-Qaeda
and the ISI, Pakistan's secret service, for the attacks. [Radio
Free Europe, 9/10/01, Newsday, 9/15/01, Reuters, 10/4/01]
Nearly three hours after the incident at the Colony,
another Longboat Key resident reported a run-in with possibly the
same men. At about 8:50 (when reports of the first World Trade Center
crash were first broadcast), while standing on the Sarasota bay
front waiting for the presidential motorcade to pass by, this man
saw two Middle Eastern men in a dilapidated van "screaming
out the windows 'Down with Bush' and raising their fists in the
air." The FBI questioned the man, but it's not known if this
was the same van that had visited the Colony. [Longboat Observer,
9/26/01]
Later on the morning of September 11, the Secret
Service searched a Sarasota apartment looking for further corroboration
of Zainlabdeen Omer's report of an assassination threat. Three Sudanese
men were questioned for about ten hours. The Secret Service also
raided a beauty supply store in Sarasota, whose owner, identified
as "Hakim," told the agents that "Ghandi" was
a member of the Sudanese People's Liberation Army, a group fighting
against the fundamentalist Muslim government in Sudan. [Hopsicker,
7/22/02]
Monica Yadav of Sarasota's ABC News 40 reported
that a few days after the Secret Service visit, the beauty supply
store was closed up and Hakim was long gone. Yadav also learned
that Zainlabdeen Omer had suddenly quit his jobs and vacated his
apartment. "All I know is he can't leave town," a friend
of Omer's told Yadav. "Omer got in a lot of trouble with the
law." The Special Agent in charge of the Presidential detail
in Sarasota told Yadav that Bush was never in any danger and the
various warnings and possible terrorist connections were all "just
a coincidence." [Hopsicker, 7/22/02] Yet, as we will see below,
there are more details of a threat against Bush before he left Sarasota.
Bush Is Briefed as the Hijackings Begin
After his jog, Bush showered, then sat down for
his daily intelligence briefing around 8 a.m. "The President's
briefing appears to have included some reference to the heightened
terrorist risk reported throughout the summer, but contained nothing
specific, severe or imminent enough to necessitate a call to [National
Security Advisor] Condoleezza Rice." [Telegraph, 12/16/01]
While Bush was being briefed, the planes that would
be hijacked began taking off. American Airlines Flight 11 was first,
leaving Boston's Logan Airport at 7:59 a.m. The others soon followed,
except for United Flight 93, scheduled to leave at 8:01, but which
was delayed on the runway for about 40 minutes. [Boston Globe, 11/23/01]
At approximately 8:13, Flight 11 was instructed
by air traffic controllers at the FAA's Boston Center, in Nashua,
New Hampshire, to climb to 35,000 feet. The plane did not obey the
order and its transponder was turned off. Air traffic control manager
Glenn Michael said, "we considered it at that time to be a
possible hijacking." [AP, 8/12/02, emphasis added] According
to FAA regulations, that was the correct decision: "Consider
that an aircraft emergency exists ... when ... there is unexpected
loss of radar contact and radio communications with any ... aircraft."
[FAA Air Traffic Control Regulations, Chapter 10, Section 2-5]
If air traffic controllers believed Flight 11 had been hijacked
at 8:13, NORAD should have been informed immediately, so military
planes could be scrambled to investigate. However, NORAD and the
FAA both claimed NORAD was not informed until 8:40 -- 27 minutes
later. [NORAD, 9/18/01, AP, 8/12/02, AP, 8/19/02, Newsday, 9/10/02;
one NORAD employee said it took place at 8:31, ABC News, 9/11/02]
Indeed, before contacting NORAD, Boston air traffic controllers
watched Flight 11 make an unexpected 100-degree turn and head south
toward New York City [Christian Science Monitor, 9/13/01], told
other controllers of the hijacking at 8:25 [Guardian, 10/17/01],
continued to hear highly suspicious dialogue from the cockpit (such
as, "Nobody move, please, we are going back to the airport.
Don't try to make any stupid moves") [Guardian, 10/17/01, New
York Times, 10/16/01], and even asked the pilots of Flight 175 to
scan the skies for the errant plane. [Guardian, 10/17/01, Boston
Globe, 11/23/01]
Is NORAD's claim credible? If so, the air traffic
controllers (including Mr. Michael) should have been fired and subject
to possible criminal charges for their inaction. To date, however,
there has been no word of any person being disciplined at any institution
at any level for what happened on 9/11.
If NORAD's claim is false, and it was indeed informed
within the time frame outlined in FAA regulations that Flight 11
may have been hijacked, that would mean NORAD did absolutely nothing
for almost thirty minutes while a hijacked commercial airliner flew
off course through some of the most congested airspace in the world.
Presumably, that would warrant some very serious charges. Again,
no one associated with NORAD or the FAA has been punished.
According to phone calls made by fight attendants
Betty Ong and Amy Sweeney, the hijackers had stabbed and killed
at least one passenger and two flight attendants by about 8:21.
[ABC News, 7/18/02, Boston Globe, 11/23/01, AP, 10/5/01, Los Angeles
Times, 9/20/01] (One hijacker may have been riding in the cockpit
and begun the hijacking earlier.) After 8:21, both women apparently
remained on the phone with American Airlines' headquarters for 25
minutes, until their plane crashed into the World Trade Center's
North Tower. [ABC News, 7/18/02, AP, 10/5/01] These calls make NORAD's
supposed ignorance of a crisis even more dubious.
Bush Leaves for Booker Elementary
Around the same time the Flight 11 hijackers were
stabbing passenger Daniel Lewin -- at 8:20 a.m. -- Bush's briefing
ended and he said good-bye to the Colony's general manager. [Telegraph,
12/16/01, Sarasota Magazine, 11/01] The first event on Bush's schedule
was what is known as a "soft event" -- a photo-op with
children at Emma Booker Elementary School -- promoting his proposed
education bill. [Sarasota Herald-Tribune, 9/11/01] After spending
about 20 minutes with the children, Bush was scheduled to give a
short press conference at about 9:30. [White House, 9/7/01, Federal
News Service, 9/10/01]
Accounts of when Bush's motorcade left for the school
vary from 8:30 to 8:39. [8:30, Washington Post, 1/27/02, 8:35, Sarasota
Magazine, 9/19/01, 8:39, Washington Times, 10/7/02] One account
has the Bush party leave the Colony suite at 8:30 and drive away
at 8:39. Whenever he left, the motorcade traveled quickly: "The
police shut down traffic in both directions, leaving roads utterly
deserted for Bush's long motorcade, which barreled along at 40 mph,
running red lights with impunity." [Fighting Back: The War
on Terrorism - From Inside the Bush White House, by Bill Sammon,
10/02, pp. 37-38] At 40 mph, it would take about 14 minutes to travel
the nine-mile distance to the school. Several accounts say the journey
took about 20 minutes [New York Times, 9/16/01 (B), St. Petersburg
Times, 9/8/02 (B), MSNBC, 10/29/02], which means that Bush arrived
shortly before 9:00. [8:46, ABC News, 9/11/02, 8:55, Washington
Times, 10/7/02, 8:55, Sarasota Magazine, 9/19/01, "just before
9:00," Telegraph, 12/16/01, "shortly before 9:00,"
Sarasota Herald-Tribune, 9/10/02, "just before 9:00,"
New York Times, 9/16/01 (B), 9:00, Albuquerque Tribune, 9/10/02]
When Did Bush First Learn of the Attacks?
Why does it matter when Bush left the resort and
arrived at the school? Because this is the crucial time when Bush
was first told, or should have been told, of the attacks. Official
accounts, including the words of Bush himself, say Bush was first
told of what was happening in New York City after he arrived at
the school. [Telegraph, 12/16/01, CBS, 9/11/02] However, this statement
does not stand up to scrutiny. There are at least four reports that
Bush was told of the first crash before he arrived at the school.
Two accounts explicitly state Bush was told while in the motorcade.
"The President was on Highway 301, just north of Main Street
... [when] he received the news that a plane had crashed in New
York City." [Sarasota Magazine, 11/01] (See adjacent map for
the location where he is told.) Another account states, "Bush
was driving to the school in a motorcade when the phone rang. An
airline accident appeared to have happened. He pressed on with his
visit." [Observer, 9/16/01]
The first media reports of Flight 11's crash into
the World Trade Center began around 8:48, two minutes after the
crash happened. [New York Times, 9/15/01] CNN broke into its regular
programming at that time [CNN, 9/11/01], though other networks,
such as ABC, took a few more minutes to begin reporting. [ABC, 9/14/02]
So within minutes, millions were aware of the story, yet Bush supposedly
remained unaware for about another ten minutes.
Claims of Bush's ignorance become harder to believe
when one learns that others in his motorcade were immediately told
of the attack. For instance, Kia Baskerville, a CBS News producer
traveling with Bush that morning, received a message about a plane
crash "as the presidential motorcade headed to President Bush's
first event." Baskerville said, "Fifteen minutes later
I was standing in a second grade classroom [waiting for Bush's entrance]"
-- which means she got the news at about 8:47 -- right as the story
was first being reported. [CBS, 8/19/02] A news photographer in
the motorcade overheard a radio transmission that Press Secretary
Ari Fleischer would be needed on arrival at the school to discuss
reports of some sort of crash. [Christian Science Monitor, 9/17/01]
Another account notes Fleischer got the news that the crash had
occurred "just minutes before," but notes that Bush was
not in the same car as Fleischer. [CBS, 11/1/02] Senior presidential
communications officer Thomas Herman said, "Just as we were
arriving at the school, I received a notification from our operations
center than [sic] an airliner had struck one of the towers...."
[Marist College Magazine, Fall 2002]
Meanwhile, CIA Director George Tenet was told of
the crash a few minutes after it happened. A messenger gave him
the news as he was eating breakfast with former Senator David Boren
in a Washington restaurant three blocks from the White House. Boren
says Tenet was told that the World Trade Center had been attacked
by an airplane: "I was struck by the fact that [the messenger]
used the word attacked." An aide then handed a cell phone to
Tenet, and Tenet made some calls, showing that at least some at
the highest levels of the Bush administration were talking about
an attack at this time. Tenet then said to Boren, "You know,
this has bin Laden's fingerprints all over it." [ABC, 9/14/02]
Some people at the school also heard of the news
before Bush arrived. Around 8:50, Tampa Bay's Channel 8 reporter
Jackie Barron was on the phone with her mother, who mentioned the
first news reports. At almost the same time, Brian Goff, a Fox reporter
from Tampa, heard the same thing on his cell phone. [Sarasota Magazine,
11/01] Associated Press reporter Sonia Ross was also told of the
crash by phone from a colleague. [AP, 9/12/01 (D)] Florida Congressman
Dan Miller, waiting in front of the school as part of the official
greeting party, was told by an aide about the crash at 8:55, before
Bush arrived. [Sarasota Magazine, 11/01]
Given all this, how could Bush have remained ignorant?
Could he have been out of the loop because he was in a car? No.
The previous night, Colony Resort manager Katie Klauber Moulon toured
the presidential limousine and marveled "at all the phones
and electronic equipment." [Sarasota Magazine, 11/01] Karl
Rove, Bush's "chief political strategist," who presumably
was riding with Bush, used a wireless e-mail device on 9/11 as well.
[Newsweek, 10/14/02] There seems to have been ample opportunity
and the means to alert Bush.
Another Warning
If Bush wasn't told while in his limousine, he certainly
was told immediately after he got out of it. US Navy Captain Deborah
Loewer, the director of the White House Situation Room, was traveling
in the motorcade when she received a message from an assistant back
in Washington about the first crash. Loewer said that as soon as
the car arrived at Booker, she ran quickly over to Bush. "It's
a very good thing the Secret Service knows who I am," Loewer
later said. She told Bush that an aircraft had "impacted the
World Trade Center. This is all we know." [Catholic Telegraph,
12/7/01, AP, 11/26/01]
Meanwhile, More Hijackings
Even though Flight 175 left about the same time
as Flight 11, it appears to have been hijacked much later. At 8:41,
its pilot was still talking to ground control [New York Times, 10/16/01],
but at 8:42 it sharply veered off course, and a flight controller
noted that its transponder had been turned off and communication
cut. [Boston Globe, 11/23/01, New York Times, 10/16/01] One minute
later, at 8:43, NORAD was notified the plane had been hijacked.
[NORAD, 9/18/01] The hijackers turned the transponder back on but
used a different signal code. This allowed flight controllers to
"easily" track the plane as it flew toward New York City.
[Washington Post, 9/17/01]
At about 8:46, Flight 77 began to go severely off
course. According to regulations, a fighter is required to be dispatched
if a plane strays from its official course by more than two miles
or 15 degrees [MSNBC, 9/12/01]. Flight 77 returned to its proper
course for a time, but its last radio contact occurred at 8:50.
[Guardian, 10/17/01] Supposedly, NORAD was not officially notified
that Flight 77 has been hijacked until 9:24 [NORAD, 9/18/01], but
the New York Times reported that by around 8:50, military officials
at the Pentagon were already discussing what to do about Flight
77. [New York Times, 9/15/01] Note the difference in notification
times: 27 minutes for Flight 11, 1 minute for Flight 175 and 38
minutes for Flight 77.
Flight 93 wasn't hijacked until about 9:16, but
by about 8:50, it was clear that at least three planes had been
hijacked. Vice President Dick Cheney, speaking on NBC's Meet the
Press, said, "The Secret Service has an arrangement with the
FAA. They had open lines after the World Trade Center was ..."
[Meet the Press, 9/16/01] Cheney never finished his sentence (interesting
in itself -- did he say too much?), but it seems safe to say that
his next word would have been "hit." Cheney's statement
makes it clear the Secret Service knew the extent of the situation
well before 9:00 am.
An Accident?
Intelligence agencies were suffering "warning
fatigue" from so many warnings of an al-Qaeda attack [Independent,
9/7/02], some specifically mentioning the use of hijacked airplanes
as missile. Bush himself was given an intelligence briefing a month
earlier entitled "Bin Laden to Strike in US," and it contained
a warning from the British government that the US should expect
multiple airline hijackings from al-Qaeda. [Sunday Herald, 5/19/02]
So with the clear knowledge that three planes had been hijacked,
with one of them already crashed into the World Trade Center, who
would have possibly assumed that Flight 11's crash was an accident?
Yet that is precisely what the official story claims. There are
a number of different "official" accounts, but all of
them stress that Bush wasn't told until after he arrived inside
the school (contrary to the account of Captain Loewer) and that
it was assumed to be an accident (contradicting Tenet being told
that it was an attack).
In some accounts, "President Bush had emerged from his car
and was shaking hands with local officials standing outside the
school when Chief of Staff Andrew Card sidled up to him with the
news." [CBS, 11/1/02] Bush later recalled that it was Card
who first notified him: "'Here's what you're going to be doing;
you're going to meet so-and-so, such-and-such.' Then Andy Card said,
'By the way, an aircraft flew into the World Trade Center.'"
[Washington Times, 10/7/02] At a press conference later that day,
Press Secretary Ari Fleischer also claimed it was Andy Card who
first informed him, "as the President finished shaking hands
in a hallway of school officials." [Knoxville News Sentinel,
9/11/01]
In other accounts, it was advisor Karl Rove who
first told Bush. According to photographer Eric Draper, who was
standing nearby, Rove rushed up, took Bush aside in a corridor inside
the school and said the cause of the crash was unclear. Bush replied,
"What a horrible accident!" Bush also suggested the pilot
may have had a heart attack. [Daily Mail, 9/8/02] Dan Bartlett,
White House Communications Director, says he was there when Bush
was told: "[Bush] being a former pilot, had kind of the same
reaction, going, was it bad weather? And I said no, apparently not."
[ABC News, 9/11/02] A reporter who was standing nearby later said,
"From the demeanor of the President, grinning at the children,
it appeared that the enormity of what he had been told was taking
a while to sink in." [Daily Mail, 9/8/02] One account explicitly
says that Rove told Bush the World Trade Center had been hit by
a large commercial airliner. [Telegraph, 12/16/01] However, Bush
later remembered Rove saying it appeared to be an accident involving
a small, twin-engine plane. [Washington Post, 1/27/02, MSNBC, 9/02]
In yet another account, Blake Gottesman, Bush's
personal assistant, while giving the president some final instructions
as they walked to the school, remarked, "Andy Card says, 'By
the way, an aircraft flew into the World Trade Center.'" [Fighting
Back: The War on Terrorism - From Inside the Bush White House, by
Bill Sammon, 10/02, pp. 41-42]
Told Again, Yet Still Clueless
Booker principal Gwen Tose-Rigell was waiting for
Bush outside the school. "The limousine stops and the president
comes out. He walks toward me. I'm standing there in a lineup; there
are about five people. He walks over and says he has to make a phone
call, and he'll be right back." [MSNBC, 09/02, Telegraph, 12/16/01]
The phone call was with National Security Advisor Condoleezza Rice.
From a room with secure communications, Rice updated Bush on the
situation. [Christian Science Monitor, 9/17/01, Time, 9/12/01] The
fact that Bush immediately said he had to make an important call
strongly suggests he was told about the situation while in the motorcade.
But some accounts have Andrew Card saying to Bush as he gets out
of his limousine, "Mr. President, you really need to take this
phone call," thereby implying that Card knows what's going
on, but Bush doesn't. [St. Petersburg Times, 9/8/02 (B)]
As National Security Advisor, Rice had to have had
as much information as anyone. By the time she spoke to Bush, she
must have known that three planes had been hijacked and that the
country was under attack. We know very little about the conversation
-- only that Rice later claimed, "[Bush] said, what a terrible,
it sounds like a terrible accident. Keep me informed." [ABC
News, 9/11/02] One reporter noted: "Bush did not appear preoccupied
[after the phone call]
There was no sign that Rice had just
told [him] about the first attack [on the World Trade Center]."
[Cox News, 9/12/01 (B)] Tose-Rigell was then summoned to a room
to talk with Bush: "He said a commercial plane has hit the
World Trade Center, and we're going to go ahead and go on, we're
going on to do the reading thing anyway." [AP, 8/19/02 (D)]
One local reporter notes that at this point, "He
could and arguably should have left Emma E. Booker Elementary School
immediately, gotten onto Air Force One and left Sarasota without
a moment's delay ... But he didn't." [Sarasota Herald-Tribune,
9/12/01 (B)] The only possible excuse is that Bush was completely
clueless as to what was happening. Sure enough, at a press conference
on the evening of 9/11, Press Secretary Ari Fleischer was asked
by a reporter, "And then this morning, when Andy Card told
him about the first accident, was Andy Card or Condi Rice or any
of those aware of the hijackings? What did they know when they --"
Fleischer cut in and replied, "No, at that point they were
not." [Knoxville News Sentinel, 9/11/01] So supposedly, 15
minutes after the first crash, none of Bush's aides, not even Rice
back in Washington, DC, knew a thing about the hijackings that had
been reported to NORAD 20 minutes earlier? This simply is not plausible.
Bush's Confused Recollection
Bush's own recollection of the first crash only
complicates the picture. Less than two months after the attacks,
Bush made the preposterous claim that he had watched the first attack
as it happened on live television. This is the seventh different
account of how Bush learned about the first crash (in his limousine,
from Loewer, from Card, from Rove, from Gottesman, from Rice, from
television). On December 4, 2001, Bush was asked: "How did
you feel when you heard about the terrorist attack?" Bush replied,
"I was sitting outside the classroom waiting to go in, and
I saw an airplane hit the tower -- the TV was obviously on. And
I used to fly, myself, and I said, well, there's one terrible pilot.
I said, it must have been a horrible accident. But I was whisked
off there, I didn't have much time to think about it." [White
House, 12/4/01]
There was no film footage of the first attack until
at least the following day, and Bush didn't have access to a television
until 15 or so minutes later. [Washington Times, 10/7/02] The Boston
Herald later noted, "Think about that. Bush's remark implies
he saw the first plane hit the tower. But we all know that video
of the first plane hitting did not surface until the next day. Could
Bush have meant he saw the second plane hit -- which many Americans
witnessed? No, because he said that he was in the classroom when
Card whispered in his ear that a second plane hit." [Boston
Herald, 10/22/02] Bush's recollection has many precise details.
Is he simply confused? It's doubly strange why his advisors didn't
correct him or -- at the very least -- stop him from repeating the
same story only four weeks later. [White House, 1/5/02, CBS, 9/11/02]
On January 5, 2002, Bush stated: "Well, I was sitting in a
schoolhouse in Florida ... and my Chief of Staff -- well, first
of all, when we walked into the classroom, I had seen this plane
fly into the first building. There was a TV set on. And you know,
I thought it was pilot error and I was amazed that anybody could
make such a terrible mistake. And something was wrong with the plane
..." [White House, 1/5/02]
Unfortunately, Bush has never been asked -- not
even once -- to explain these statements. His memory not only contradicts
every single media report, it also contradicts what he said that
evening. In his speech to the nation that evening, Bush said: "Immediately
following the first attack, I implemented our government's emergency
response plans." [White House, 9/11/01] It's not known what
these emergency plans were, because neither Bush nor anyone in his
administration mentioned this immediate response again. Implementing
"emergency response plans" seems to completely contradict
Bush's "by the way" recollection of a small airplane accident.
Inside the Classroom and the Second Plane Crash
Shortly after his call with National Security Advisor
Rice, Bush entered Sandra Kay Daniels's second-grade class for a
photo-op to promote Bush's education policies. [Daily Mail, 9/8/02]
The event was to begin precisely at 9:00, but the call pushed it
back to about 9:03. [Washington Times, 10/8/02, Telegraph, 12/16/01,
Daily Mail, 9/8/02] Numerous reporters who were traveling with the
president, as well as members of the local media, watched from the
back of the room. [AP, 8/19/02 (D)] Altogether there were about
150 people in the room, only 16 of them students. Bush was introduced
to the children and then posed for a number of pictures. Daniels
then led the students through some reading exercises (video footage
shows this lasted about three minutes). [Salon, 9/12/01 (B)] Bush
later related what he was thinking at the time: "I was concentrating
on the program at this point, thinking about what I was going to
say [about the plane crash]. Obviously, I felt it was an accident.
I was concerned about it, but there were no alarm bells." [Washington
Times, 10/7/02]
At 9:03, Flight 175 crashed into the South Tower
of the World Trade Center. News of this traveled extremely rapidly.
In fact, some of Bush's Secret Service agents watched the second
crash live on television in an adjacent room. [Sarasota Herald-Tribune,
9/10/02] Press Secretary Ari Fleischer, in the same room as Bush
but not near him, immediately received the news on his pager. [CBS,
9/11/02] Other pagers were going off as well.
Chief of Staff Andrew Card was in a nearby room when he heard the
news. He waited until there was a pause in the reading drill to
walk in and tell Bush. [Washington Times, 10/7/02, Washington Times,
10/8/02] The children were getting their books from under their
seats to read a story together when Card came in. [Daily Mail, 9/8/02]
Card whispered to Bush: "A second plane hit the second tower.
America is under attack." [San Francisco Chronicle, 9/11/02]
Another account has Card saying: "A second plane has hit the
World Trade Center. America is under attack." [Telegraph, 12/16/01]
Accounts vary as to when Card gave Bush the news. Some say 9:05
[Salon 9/11/01, New York Times, 9/16/01 (B), Telegraph, 12/16/01,
Albuquerque Tribune, 9/10/02], and some say 9:07. [Washington Post,
9/11/01, Washington Times, 10/8/02] ABC News reporter Ann Compton,
who was in the room, said she was surprised by the interruption
and "wrote [the time] down in my reporter's notebook, by my
watch, 9:07 a.m." [ABC News, 9/11/02]
The Reaction -- Or Lack of One
Descriptions vary greatly as to how Bush responded to the news.
It is said he "blanched" [Richmond Times-Dispatch, 10/1/02],
"the color drained from the president's face" [AP, 9/12/01
(D)], he "wore a bemused smile" [Orlando Sentinel, 9/12/01],
"became visibly tense and serious" [Time, 9/12/01], and
so on. Watch the video and draw your own conclusions (the 11-minute
video can be viewed at the Center for Cooperative Research, Buzzflash,
Global Free Press, The Emperor's New Clothes, or Liberty DYNU).
Bush later recalled his own reaction: "I am
very aware of the cameras. I'm trying to absorb that knowledge.
I have nobody to talk to. I'm sitting in the midst of a classroom
with little kids, listening to a children's story and I realize
I'm the Commander in Chief and the country has just come under attack."
[Telegraph, 12/16/01, CBS, 11/1/02] Asked again what he thought
after he heard the news, Bush said, "We're at war and somebody
has dared attack us and we're going to do something about it. I
realized I was in a unique setting to receive a message that somebody
attacked us
[I]t became evident that we were, you know, that
the world had changed." [CBS, 9/11/02]
So what did the Commander in Chief do with the knowledge
that the United States was under attack?
He did nothing.
Bush did not say one word. He did not ask Card any
questions. He did not give any orders. He did not know who (or which
country) was attacking, whether there would be more attacks, what
military plans had been taken, what military actions should be taken
-- indeed, he knew virtually nothing about what was going on outside
the room. He just sat there. Bush later recalled: "There was
no time for discussion or anything." [Fighting Back: The War
on Terrorism - From Inside the Bush White House, by Bill Sammon,
10/02, pp. 83-84] Even stranger, as one newspaper put it, although
the nation was under terrorist attack, "for some reason, Secret
Service agents [did] not bustle him away." [Globe and Mail,
9/12/01]
Military pilots must have "permission from
the White House because only the president has the authority to
order a civilian aircraft shot down." [CNN, 10/26/99] But if
retaliatory strikes needed to the authorized, Bush was not available.
If one of the planes had to be shot down to save more lives on the
ground, Bush was not available. Although several fighters had been
dispatched to defend New York City, the pilot of one of the planes
flying to catch Flight 175 later noted that it wouldn't have mattered
if he caught up with it, because only Bush could order a shootdown,
and Bush could not be reached in the classroom. [Cape Cod Times,
8/21/02]
Secret Service agents and other security personnel had set up a
television in a nearby classroom. They turned on the TV just as
Flight 175 crashed into the World Trade Center. According to Sarasota
County Sheriff Bill Balkwill, who was in the room, a Marine responsible
for carrying Bush's phone immediately said to Balkwill, "We're
out of here. Can you get everyone ready?" [Sarasota Herald-Tribune,
9/10/02] But he must have been overruled by someone, because Bush
did not leave.
Meanwhile, Secret Service agents burst into Vice
President Cheney's White House office. They carried him under his
arms -- nearly lifting him off the ground -- and propelled him down
the steps into the White House basement and through a long tunnel
toward an underground bunker. Accounts of when this happened vary
greatly, from 9:06 [New York Times, 9/16/01 (B), Telegraph, 12/16/01]
to after 9:30. [CBS, 9/11/02, Washington Post, 1/27/02] Cheney's
own account is vague and contradictory. [Meet the Press, 9/16/01]
The one eyewitness account, by White House photographer David Bohrer,
said it happened just after 9:00. [ABC, 9/14/02 (B)] It's easy to
see why the White House would have wanted this event placed at a
later time (after Bush's initial statement to the nation rather
than after the second crash) to avoid the obvious question: if Cheney
was immediately evacuated, why wasn't Bush?
The Photo-Op Goes On
After Card told Bush about the second plane and
quickly left, the classroom was silent for about 30 seconds or so.
[Tampa Tribune, 9/1/02] The children were about to take turns reading
from a story called The Pet Goat. [AFP, 9/7/02] Bush picked up the
book and began to read with the children. [Tampa Tribune, 9/1/02]
In unison, the children read out loud, "The - Pet - Goat. A
- girl - got - a - pet - goat. But - the - goat - did - some - things
- that - made - the - girl's - dad - mad." Bush mostly listened,
but occasionally asked the children a few questions to encourage
them. [Washington Times, 10/7/02] At one point he said, "Really
good readers, whew! ... These must be sixth-graders!" [Time,
9/12/01]
Who was really in control? Certainly not Bush. In
the back of the room, Press Secretary Ari Fleischer caught Bush's
eye and held up a pad of paper for him to see, with "DON'T
SAY ANYTHING YET" written on it in big block letters. [Washington
Times, 10/7/02] Some person or people had overruled the security
who wanted Bush evacuated immediately, even as Vice President Cheney
was taken from his White House office to a safe location. Bush's
security overruled Bush on security matters later in the day on
Air Force One, but who overruled them that morning?
When Did Bush Leave the Classroom?
Nearly every news account fails to mention when
Bush left the classroom after being told America was under attack.
Three mention 9:12 a.m. [New York Times, 9/16/01 (B), Telegraph,
12/16/01, Daily Mail, 9/8/02] Remaining in the classroom for approximately
five to seven minutes is inexcusable, but the video of Bush in the
classroom suggests he stayed longer than that. The video contains
several edits and ends before Bush leaves the room, so it also doesn't
tell us exactly how long he stayed. One newspaper suggested he remained
"for eight or nine minutes" -- sometime between 9:13 and
9:16, since Card's arrival is uncertain. [Tampa Tribune, 9/1/02]
When Bush finally did leave, he didn't act like
a man in a hurry. In fact, he was described as "openly stretching
out the moment." [Fighting Back: The War on Terrorism - From
Inside the Bush White House, by Bill Sammon, 10/02, p. 89] When
the lesson was over, Bush said to the children: "Hoo! These
are great readers. Very impressive! Thank you all so much for showing
me your reading skills. I bet they practice too. Don't you? Reading
more than they watch TV? Anybody do that? Read more than you watch
TV? [Hands go up] Oh that's great! Very good. Very important to
practice! Thanks for having me. Very impressed." [Transcribed
from Booker video, Fighting Back: The War on Terrorism - From Inside
the Bush White House, by Bill Sammon, 10/02, pp. 89-90] Bush still
continued to talk, advising the children to stay in school and be
good citizens. [Tampa Tribune, 9/1/02, St. Petersburg Times, 9/8/02
(B)] One student asked Bush a question, and he gave a quick response
on his education policy. [New York Post, 9/12/02]
The only source to describe what happened next is
Fighting Back by Bill Sammon. Publishers Weekly described
Sammon's book as an "inside account of the Bush administration's
reaction to 9-11 [and] a breathless, highly complimentary portrait
of the president [showing] the great merit and unwavering moral
vision of his inner circle." [Publishers Weekly, 10/15/02]
Sammon's conservative perspective makes his account of Bush's behavior
at the end of the photo-op all the more surprising.
Bush is described as smiling and chatting with the
children "as if he didn't have a care in the world" and
"in the most relaxed manner imaginable." White House aide
Gordon Johndroe, then came in as he usually does at the end of press
conferences, and said, "Thank you, press. If you could step
out the door we came in, please." A reporter then asked, "Mr.
President, are you aware of the reports of the plane crash in New
York? Is there anything...", But Bush interrupted, and no doubt
recalling his order, "DON'T SAY ANYTHING YET," Bush responded,
"I'll talk about it later." But still the president did
not leave. "He stepped forward and shook hands with [classroom
teacher] Daniels, slipping his left hand behind her in another photo-op
pose. He was taking his good old time. ... Bush lingered until the
press was gone." [Fighting Back: The War on Terrorism - From
Inside the Bush White House, by Bill Sammon, 10/02, p. 90]
Think about that: rather than rush out of the room
at the first chance, Bush actually stayed until after all the dozens
of reporters had left! Having just been told of a Pearl Harbor-type
attack on US soil, Bush was indeed "openly stretching out the
moment." But he still wasn't done. Bush then turned to principal
Tose-Rigell, who was waiting to take him to the library for his
speech on education. He explained to her about the terror attacks
and why he had to leave. [Fighting Back: The War on Terrorism -
From Inside the Bush White House, by Bill Sammon, 10/02, p. 90]
Finally, he went to an empty classroom next door where his staff
was based. [ABC News, 9/11/02] Given that Bush's program was supposed
to end at 9:20, he left the classroom only a couple of minutes earlier
than planned, if even that. [Sarasota Herald-Tribune, 9/16/01]
Why Stay?
The reason given why Bush didn't leave as soon as
Card told him the news is: "Without all the facts at hand,
George Bush had no intention of upsetting the schoolchildren who
had come to read for him." [MSNBC, 10/29/02] Advisor Karl Rove
said, "The President thought for a second or two about getting
up and walking out of the room. But the drill was coming to a close
and he didn't want to alarm the children." [ABC, 9/11/02]
This excuse is patently absurd, given the security
risks and importance of Bush being informed and making decisions
as Commander in Chief. Nor was the drill coming to a close: one
drill had ended and another was about to begin -- it was a perfect
time to simply say, "Excuse me" and leave the room. Sarasota-Bradenton
International Airport is only 3½ miles away; in fact, Booker
was chosen as the location for the photo-op partly because of its
proximity to the airport. [Sarasota Herald-Tribune, 9/12/02] Hijackers
could have crashed a plane into Bush's publicized location and his
security would have been completely helpless to stop it. Remember,
Bush's schedule had been announced on September 7 and two of the
9/11 hijackers came to Sarasota that same day. [White House, 9/7/01,
Longboat Observer, 11/21/01, Washington Post, 1/27/02] Furthermore,
the Secret Service was aware of the strange request for an interview
a few hours earlier and the previous night's report of a person
in town who had made violent threats against Bush.
Indeed, a few days after 9/11, Sarasota's main newspaper
reported, "Sarasota barely skirted its own disaster. As it
turns out, terrorists targeted the president and Air Force One on
Tuesday, maybe even while they were on the ground in Sarasota and
certainly not long after. The Secret Service learned of the threat
just minutes after Bush left Booker Elementary." [Sarasota
Herald-Tribune, 9/16/01]
Bush Lingers On
Once he was out of the classroom, did Bush immediately
leave Booker? No. He stayed in the adjacent room with his staff,
calling Vice President Cheney and National Security Advisor Rice,
and preparing a speech. [Telegraph, 12/16/01, St. Petersburg Times
9/8/02] Incredibly, even as uncertain information began to surface,
suggesting that more planes had been hijacked (eventually 11 planes
would be suspected) [CBS, 9/11/02], Bush was allowed to make his
remarks at 9:30 -- exactly the time and place stated on his advance
schedule. [Federal News Service, 9/10/01, see the transcript of
his speech here] Why hasn't Bush's security staff been criticized
for their completely inexplicable decision to stay at the school?
And why didn't Bush's concern for the children extend to not making
them and the rest of the 200 or so people at the school terrorist
targets?
At 9:16, NORAD was notified that Flight 93 had been hijacked, and
at 9:24 it was notified that Flight 77 had also been hijacked and
was heading toward Washington (though, as discussed above, the hijacking
was known long before this). [NORAD, 9/18/01] No media report has
suggested that the possible shooting down of hijacked airplanes
was discussed at this time, however. It appears the discussion was
not broached until after 9:55. [Washington Post, 1/27/02, CBS, 9/11/02]
At about 9:26, it was either FAA head Jane Garvey or FAA administrator
Ben Sliney (and not Bush) who decided to halt all airplane takeoffs
in the US. [Time, 9/14/01, USA Today, 8/13/02] Additionally, no
evidence has appeared suggesting Bush had a role in ordering any
fighters into the skies.
Finally, to the Airport
By 9:35, Bush's motorcade was ready to take him to the Sarasota
airport where Air Force One was waiting. [Telegraph, 12/16/01] At
9:37, Flight 77 crashed into the Pentagon. Bush was informed as
his motorcade got near the airport. (Apparently Bush could be reached
by phone in his limousine at this time.) [Washington Times, 10/8/02,
Telegraph, 12/16/01] The motorcade arrived around 9:43 and pulled
up close to Air Force One. Security conducted an extra-thorough
search of all the baggage for the other passengers, delaying takeoff
until 9:55. [St. Petersburg Times, 9/8/02 (B)]
A year later, Chief of Staff Andrew Card recalled
that, "As we were heading to Air Force One... [we] learned,
what turned out to be a mistake, but we learned that the Air Force
One package could in fact be a target." [MSNBC, 9/9/02] This
echoes the report mentioned above that "terrorists targeted
the president and Air Force One... maybe even while they were on
the ground in Sarasota ..." [Sarasota Herald-Tribune, 9/16/01]
This only increases the strangeness that Bush wasn't immediately
evacuated at 9:03 as some of his security had recommended.
Bush spoke by telephone to Cheney as the motorcade raced to the
airport. [St. Petersburg Times 9/8/02] Supposedly, during this call
Bush issued an order to ground all flights within the country. [Sarasota
Magazine, 11/01] The FAA did shut down the nationwide air traffic
system at around 9:45. [MSNBC, 9/22/01, CNN, 9/12/01, New York Times,
9/12/01, Newsday, 9/10/02, Washington Post, 9/12/01] But other reports
state that it was FAA administrator Ben Sliney who made the decision
without consulting anyone. [USA Today, 8/13/02, USA Today, 8/13/02
(B)]
For some time it was claimed that Transportation
Secretary Norman Mineta had made the decision, but it was later
revealed that Mineta didn't even know of the order until 15 minutes
later. Apparently, "FAA officials had begged [the reporter]
to maintain the fiction." [Slate, 4/2/02] The idea that Bush
made the decision is even less plausible. In fact, there is no evidence
at all to suggest that Bush had by this point made even one decision
relevant to his security or that of the country.
Air Force One Takes Off Without Fighter Escort
Air Force One took off at either 9:55 or 9:57 a.m.
[CNN, 9/12/01, New York Times, 9/12/01, Telegraph, 12/16/01, CBS,
9/11/02, Washington Post, 9/12/01, Washington Post, 1/27/02, AP,
9/12/01] Communications Director Dan Bartlett remembered, "It
was like a rocket. For a good ten minutes, the plane was going almost
straight up." [CBS, 9/11/02]
But, incredibly, Air Force One took off without
any military fighter protection. This defies all explanation. Recall
that at 9:03 a.m., one of Bush's security people said, "We're
out of here. Can you get everyone ready?" [Sarasota Herald-Tribune,
9/10/02] Certainly, long before Bush left the elementary school
at 9:35 a.m., arrangements would have been made to get fighters
to Sarasota as soon as possible. Not only would it have been advisable
to protect Air Force One, but it would have been only sensible as
another way to protect Bush on the ground from terrorist attack
even before he left the school.
In Florida, there were two bases said to have fighters
on 24-hour alert, capable of getting airborne in approximately five
minutes. Homestead Air Station, 185 miles from Sarasota, and Tyndall
Air Station, 235 miles from Sarasota; both had the highest readiness
status on 9/11. Presumably, as happened at other bases across the
country, just after 9:03, base commanders throughout Florida would
have immediately begun preparations to get their fighters ready.
[Aviation Week and Space Technology, 6/3/02] Fighters left bases
on the same alert status and traveled similar distances to reach
Washington, DC, well before 10:00, so why were the fighters delayed
in Florida? [Aviation Week and Space Technology, 9/9/02]
Military planes should have been over Sarasota by
the time Bush left Booker at 9:35 a.m. Yet, as will be described
below, more than one hour after Air Force One took off, there were
still no fighters protecting it!
An administration official claimed, "The object seemed to be
simply to get the President airborne and out of the way." [Telegraph,
12/16/01] But without fighter cover this makes little sense, because
the sky was arguably more dangerous than the ground. At the time,
there were still over 3,000 planes in the air over the US [USA Today,
8/13/02 (B)], including about half of the planes in the region of
Florida where Bush was. [St. Petersburg Times, 9/7/02] Recall, too,
that the Secret Service learned of a threat to Bush and Air Force
One "just minutes after Bush left Booker Elementary."
Karl Rove, also on Air Force One, confirmed that a dangerous threat
was known before the plane took off: "They also made it clear
they wanted to get us up quickly, and they wanted to get us to a
high altitude, because there had been a specific threat made to
Air Force One.... A declaration that Air Force One was a target,
and said in a way that they called it credible." [New Yorker,
10/1/01]
Shoot Down Authorized -- Too Late
Once he was airborne, Bush talked to Cheney again
and Cheney recommended that Bush "order our aircraft to shoot
down these airliners that have been hijacked." [CBS, 9/11/02]
"I said, 'You bet,'" Bush later recalled. 'We had a little
discussion, but not much.'" [Newsday, 9/23/01, USA Today, 9/16/01,
Washington Post, 1/27/02] However, even though only Bush had the
authority to order a passenger plane shot down [CNN, 10/26/99],
the order was apparently given before Bush discussed it with Cheney.
One flight commander recalled, "After the Pentagon was hit,
we were told there were more [airliners] coming. Not 'might be';
they were coming." A call from someone in the White House declared
the Washington area "a free-fire zone," meaning, according
to one of the responding fighter pilots, "we were given authority
to use force, if the situation required it." [Aviation Week
and Space Technology, 9/9/02]
Extraordinary times can demand extraordinary measures,
so having someone other than Bush give this order could be understandable.
But Bush was available and talking to people like Cheney after 9:30
a.m. Around this time, officials feared that as many as 11 airliners
had been hijacked [CBS, 9/11/02], so why weren't Bush and Cheney
even considering this course of action until about 10:00 a.m.? Was
Bush being kept out of the loop in reality, or only in the media
reports?
Is the lateness of this discussion merely political
spin to reduce speculation that Flight 93 had been shot down? Flight
93 was still in the air after the Bush authorization, and fighters
were given orders to shoot it down if necessary. [ABC News, 9/11/02]
NORAD knew at 9:16 a.m. that Flight 93 was hijacked [NORAD, 9/18/01],
but supposedly fighters weren't scrambled until minutes before it
crashed at 10:06 a.m.
Going Nowhere as Threats Increase
Shortly after takeoff, Cheney apparently informed
Bush of "a credible threat" to Air Force One. [AP, 9/13/01
(D)] US Representative Adam Putnam "had barely settled into
his seat on Air Force One ... when he got the news that terrorists
apparently had set their sights on the plane." [Orlando Sentinel,
9/14/01] The Secret Service had received an anonymous call: "Air
Force One is next." The caller allegedly knew the agency's
code words relating to Air Force One procedures. Pilot Colonel Mark
Tillman was told of the threat and he asked that an armed guard
be stationed at the cockpit door. The Associated Press reported
that the threat came "within the same hour" as the Pentagon
crash (i.e., before 10:00 a.m., roughly when the plane took off).
[AP, 9/13/01 (D)] Details suggest this threat was not the same as
the earlier one, but it's hard to know for sure.
In his comments at Booker, Bush said he was immediately
flying back to Washington, but soon after takeoff, he, Cheney and
the Secret Service began arguing whether it was safe to fly back
to the capital. [Telegraph, 12/16/01] Andrew Card told Bush, "We've
got to let the dust settle before we go back." [St. Petersburg
Times, 9/8/02] The plane apparently stayed over Sarasota until the
argument was settled. Accounts differ, but until about 10:35 a.m.
[CBS, 9/11/02 (B), Washington Post, 1/27/02], Air Force One "appeared
to be going nowhere. The journalists on board -- all of whom were
barred from communicating with their offices -- sensed that the
plane was flying in big, slow circles." [Telegraph, 12/16/01]
Cheney apparently called Bush again at 10:32 a.m.,
and told him of another threat to Air Force One. Within minutes,
the argument was over, and the plane turned away from Washington
and flew to Louisiana instead. [Washington Post, 1/27/02] Bush recalled:
"I wanted to come back to Washington, but the circumstances
were such that it was just impossible for the Secret Service or
the national security team to clear the way for Air Force One to
come back." [CBS, 9/11/02] Given that the rocket-like takeoff
was due to a threat, this must have been another threat, possibly
even a third threat.
Around 10:55 a.m., there was yet another threat to Air Force One.
The pilot, Colonel Mark Tillman, said he was warned that a suspect
airliner was dead ahead. "Coming out of Sarasota there was
one call that said there was an airliner off our nose that they
did not have contact with." Tillman took evasive action, pulling
his plane even higher above normal traffic. [CBS, 9/11/02 (B)] Reporters
on board noticed the rise in elevation. [Dallas Morning News, 8/28/02,
Salon, 9/12/01] The report was apparently a false alarm, but it
shows the folly of having Bush fly without a fighter escort.
Were There Threats to Air Force One?
The threat or threats to Air Force One were announced
on September 12, after mounting criticism that Bush was out of sight
in Louisiana and Nebraska during most of the day and did not return
to Washington until 10 hours after the attacks. White House spokesman
Ari Fleischer said there was "real and credible information
that the White House and Air Force One were targets." [White
House, 9/12/01] On September 13, New York Times columnist William
Safire wrote -- and Bush's political strategist Karl Rove confirmed
-- that there was an "inside" threat that "may have
broken the secret codes [showing a knowledge of presidential procedures]."
[New York Times, 9/13/01] Had terrorists hacked their way into sensitive
White House computers? Was there a mole in the White House?
No. It turned out the entire story was made up.
[Washington Post, 9/27/01] The press expressed considerable skepticism
about the story. For instance, one Florida newspaper thought Fleischer's
disclosure was "an apparent effort to explain why the president
was flown to Air Force bases" before returning to Washington.
[St. Petersburg Times, 9/13/01] When asked on September 15 about
the "credible evidence," Fleischer said, "we exhausted
that topic about two days ago." [White House, 9/15/01] On September
26, CBS News reported: "Finally, there is this postscript to
the puzzle of how someone presumed to be a terrorist was able to
call in a threat against Air Force One using a secret code name
for the president's plane. Well, as it turns out, that simply never
happened. Sources say White House staffers apparently misunderstood
comments made by their security detail." [CBS, 9/26/01] One
former official who served in George Bush Sr.'s administration told
Human Events Online, which bills itself as "the national conservative
weekly," that he was "deeply disappointed by [Bush's]
zigzagging across the country." [Human Events Online, 9/17/01]
At the end of the month, Slate magazine awarded its "Whopper
of the Week" to Karl Rove, Ari Fleischer, and Dick Cheney.
[Slate, 9/28/01]
No one knew exactly where the bogus story originated
from, but "what can be safely said is that it served the White
House's immediate purposes, even though it was completely untrue."
[Telegraph, 12/16/01] What were those purposes? A well-informed,
anonymous Washington official said, "It did two things for
[Cheney]. It reinforced his argument that the President should stay
out of town, and it gave George W. an excellent reason for doing
so." [Telegraph, 12/16/01] When Bush was asked in May 2002
why he had flown to two Air Force bases before returning to Washington,
Bush said, "I was trying to get out of harm's way." [White
House, 5/21/02]
The most obviously bogus threat -- the mole knowing
secret codes -- came from Cheney in a pivotal moment in his argument
with Bush over where Bush should go. But were the other threats,
for instance, the one made before Air Force One even took off, or
the airline suspected of crashing into Air Force One, also bogus?
When Does the Fighter Escort Finally Arrive?
Much like the time when Bush left the Booker classroom,
the time when fighters finally reached Air Force One is rarely mentioned,
and when it is, the facts are highly debatable. According to one
account, around 10:00 a.m. Air Force One was "joined by an
escort of F-16 fighters from a base near Jacksonville, Florida."
[Telegraph, 12/16/01] But one month later, it was reported that
in Cheney's 10:32 phone call, he told Bush that it would take another
40 to 90 minutes [as late as noon] to get protective fighters up
to escort Air Force One. [Washington Post, 1/27/02] Another account
said, "Air Force One headed toward Jacksonville [at 10:41]
to meet jets scrambled to give the presidential jet its own air
cover," but it isn't said when the plane actually met up with
the fighters. [New York Times, 9/16/01 (B)] We know that when Air
Force One took evasive action around 10:55, there was no fighter
escort. NORAD commander Major General Larry Arnold later said, "We
scrambled available airplanes from Tyndall [note this is near Tallahassee,
not Jacksonville, Florida] and then from Ellington in Houston, Texas,"
but he doesn't say when. [Code One Magazine, 1/02] In another account,
the first two F-16s to arrive are piloted by Shane Brotherton and
Randy Roberts, from the Texas Air National Guard, not from any Florida
base. [CBS, 9/11/02] All that's known for sure is that by 11:30
there were six fighters protecting Air Force One. [Sarasota Magazine,
9/19/01]
It would appear that fighters arrived some time between 11:00 and
11:30. These fighters were supposed to be on 24-hour alert, ready
to get into the air in about five minutes. If we assume the fighters
flew at a speed of 1,100 mph, the same speed Major Gen. Arnold said
fighters used to reach New York City earlier in the day when traveling
a comparable distance [MSNBC, 9/23/01 (C), Slate, 1/16/02], the
fighters should have reached Sarasota in about 10 minutes. Yet they
took around two hours to reach Air Force One from when they were
likely first needed, shortly after 9:00.
This clearly goes beyond mere incompetence, yet
no newspaper article has ever raised the issue. Was Cheney able
to prevent the fighters from reaching Air Force One, perhaps to
convince Bush not to return to Washington? If so, why? Did Cheney
assume (or know) that Bush was in no real danger? Like so many other
questions surrounding 9/11, we do not know.
Barksdale Air Force Base
Air Force One landed at Barksdale Air Force base near Shreveport,
Louisiana at about 11:45 a.m. [CBS, 9/11/02, Telegraph, 12/16/01,
Sarasota Magazine, 11/01] "The official reason for landing
at Barksdale was that Bush felt it necessary to make a further statement,
but it isn't unreasonable to assume that -- as there was no agreement
as to what the President's movements should be it was felt he might
as well be on the ground as in the air." [Telegraph, 12/16/01,
CBS, 9/11/02] Ironically, the landing came only a short time after
Bush's plane was finally protected by fighters.
There was quite a difference in the protection afforded
Bush at Barksdale and what was in Sarasota. Bush was left unprotected
at a known location in Sarasota for nearly 30 minutes. At Barksdale,
a location that was at the time unknown, Congressman Dan Miller
"was amazed at the armored equipment and soldiers with automatic
weapons that immediately surrounded the plane." [Sarasota Magazine,
11/01] Bush was driven to base headquarters in a Humvee escorted
by armed outriders. Reporters and others remained under strict orders
not to give out their location. [Telegraph, 12/16/01]
Bush was taken to a secret and secure place on the base. [Louisiana
Life, Autumn 2002] Shortly after 12:30 p.m., Bush taped a short
speech, which he wrote on a napkin. [Louisiana Life, Autumn 2002,
Salon, 9/12/01, Washington Times, 10/8/02] The tape was broadcast
on television at around 1:20 p.m. [Salon 9/11/01] He also "spent
the next hour and a half talking on the phone," again arguing
with Cheney and others over where he should go next. [Sarasota Magazine,
11/01] The Secret Service felt the situation in Washington was still
unsafe. [CBS, 9/11/02] Bush told Karl Rove: "I want to go back
home as soon as possible." Rove answered: "Our people
are saying it's unstable still." [AP, 9/13/01 (D)] Bush was
told he could get to the US Strategic Command center in Offutt,
Nebraska, quicker than he could fly to Washington, so he agreed
to go to Nebraska. [Telegraph, 12/16/01, AP, 9/13/01 (D)]
Just after 1:00 p.m., Bush supposedly "received
an intelligence report from the base commander that a high-speed
object was headed for his ranch in Crawford, Texas." It turned
out to be another false alarm. [Fighting Back: The War on Terrorism
- From Inside the Bush White House, by Bill Sammon, 10/02, p.117]
This may well be another bogus report designed to explain why Bush
didn't return to Washington at this time, since US airspace was
declared clear except for some military and emergency flights at
12:16 p.m. [USA Today, 8/12/02 (C)] By 12:30, the FAA reported that
only about 50 of these flights were still flying in US airspace,
and none were reporting problems [CNN, 9/12/01, New York Times,
9/12/01], so how could an unknown plane have been headed toward
Bush's ranch 30 minutes after that?
Offutt Air Force Base
Air Force One left Barksdale for Offutt Air Force
Base around 1:30 p.m. [CBS, 9/11/02, Telegraph, 12/16/01, Salon,
9/11/01, Washington Post, 9/11/01, MSNBC, 9/22/01, CNN, 9/12/01]
The Air Force One entourage was pared down to a few essential staffers
such as Ari Fleischer, Andrew Card, Karl Rove, Dan Bartlett, and
Gordon Johndroe [White House, 9/11/01], plus about five reporters.
[AP, 9/12/01 (D)] During the flight, Bush remained in "continuous
contact" with the White House Situation Room and Vice President
Cheney. [CNN, 9/11/01 (B)]
Air Force One landed at Offutt shortly before 3:00
p.m. [Washington Post, 9/11/01] At 3:06, Bush passed through security
to the US Strategic Command Underground Command Center [Salon, 9/11/01,
CBS, 9/11/02] and was taken into an underground bunker designed
to withstand a nuclear blast. [Telegraph, 12/16/01]
There, he held a teleconference call with Vice President Cheney,
National Security Advisor Rice, Defense Secretary Rumsfeld, Deputy
Secretary of State Richard Armitage, CIA Director Tenet, Transportation
Secretary Norman Mineta, and others. [ABC News, 9/11/02, Telegraph,
12/16/01, Washington Times, 10/8/02] The meeting lasted about an
hour. [Telegraph, 12/16/01, Salon, 9/11/01, AP, 8/19/02] Rice recalled
that during the meeting, Tenet told Bush, "Sir, I believe it's
al-Qaeda. We're doing the assessment but it looks like, it feels
like, it smells like al-Qaeda." [CBS, 9/11/02]
By this time, people were anticipating and expecting
another reassuring public statement from Bush. [Orlando Sentinel,
9/12/01] The White House staff was preparing for Bush to address
the nation from the Offutt bunker, but Bush decided instead to return
to Washington. [CBS, 9/11/02]
As a side note, Warren Buffett, one of the richest
people in the world, was hosting an unpublicized charity benefit
inside the high security Offutt military base at 8:00 a.m. With
him were business leaders and several executives from the World
Trade Center, including Anne Tatlock of Fiduciary Trust Co. International,
who likely would have died had it not been for the meeting. [San
Francisco Business Times, 2/1/02] They watched a lot of the television
coverage that morning, but it's unknown if any of these people were
still at Offutt by the time Bush arrived in the afternoon.
Back in Washington
Air Force One left Offutt around 4:30 p.m. [MSNBC,
9/22/01, CNN, 9/12/01, Telegraph, 12/16/01] and landed at Andrews
Air Force Base at 6:34 p.m., escorted by two F-15 fighters and one
F-16. [CNN, 9/11/01] Bush then took the Marine One helicopter to
the White House [Salon 9/11/01], arriving shortly before 7:00 p.m.
[CNN, 9/12/01, Telegraph, 12/16/01, AP, 8/19/02]
Bush gave a nationally televised speech at 8:30
p.m. [CNN, 9/12/01, White House, 9/11/01], speaking for about five
minutes. [US News, 9/14/01] In what would later be called the Bush
Doctrine, he stated, "We will make no distinction between the
terrorists who committed these acts and those who harbor them."
[Washington Post, 1/27/02]
Around 9:00 p.m., Bush met with his full National Security Council,
followed roughly half an hour later by a meeting with a smaller
group of key advisors. Bush and his advisors had already decided
bin Laden was behind the attacks. CIA Director Tenet told Bush that
al-Qaeda and the Taliban in Afghanistan were essentially one and
the same. [Washington Post, 1/27/02]
Before going to sleep around 11:30 p.m., Bush wrote
in his diary, "The Pearl Harbor of the 21st century took place
today.... We think it's Osama bin Laden." [Washington Post,
1/27/02]
Rewriting History
The many accounts of what happened to Bush on 9/11
are riddled with disinformation of false threats, omitted details,
fudged timing, and more. But around September 11, 2002, the heavily
publicized first anniversary of the attacks, there was an obvious
attempt to further rewrite the story.
Chief of Staff Andrew Card claimed that after he
told Bush about the second World Trade Center crash, "it was
only a matter of seconds" before Bush "excused himself
very politely to the teacher and to the students, and he left"
the classroom. Card also stated that Bush "quickly excused
himself to a holding room." [San Francisco Chronicle, 9/11/02]
In a different account, Card said, "Not that many seconds later
the president excused himself from the classroom." [MSNBC,
9/9/02] The Booker school video shows these statements are lies
-- unless "a matter of seconds" means over 700 seconds!
Sandra Kay Daniels, the teacher whose second-grade
classroom Bush visited on 9/11, told the Los Angeles Times that
after Card informed Bush of the second crash, Bush got up and left.
"He said, 'Ms. Daniels, I have to leave now.' ... Looking at
his face, you knew something was wrong. I said a little prayer for
him. He shook my hand and left." Daniels also said, "I
knew something was up when President Bush didn't pick up the book
and participate in the lesson." [Los Angeles Times, 9/11/02]
However, the Booker video clearly shows that Bush did follow along
after being told of the second plane. [Video: Center for Cooperative
Research, Buzzflash, Global Free Press, The Emperor's New Clothes,
or Liberty DYNU]
The New York Post reported, "A federal agent
rushed into the room to inform the president of the United States.
President Bush had been presiding over [Daniels's] reading class
last 9/11, when a Secret Service agent interrupted the lesson and
asked, 'Where can we get to a television?'" Daniels then claimed
that Bush left the class even before the second crash: "The
president bolted right out of here and told me: 'Take over.'"
When the second crash occurred, she claims her students were watching
TV in a nearby media room. [New York Post, 9/12/02] This article
is riddled with errors. As mentioned previously, the Secret Service
was already watching the second plane crash live on television in
an adjacent room at 9:03 -- long before this supposedly happened.
Nor did Bush "bolt" out of the room; in fact, even pro-Bush
author Bill Sammon called Bush "the dawdler in chief"
for taking so long to leave the room. [Fighting Back: The War on
Terrorism - From Inside the Bush White House, by Bill Sammon, 10/02,
p. 90]
Bush himself took part in the historical revisionism. In an extensive
video interview shown on CBS's "60 Minutes," he again
repeated his bizarre belief that he was watching television when
the first crash took place. CBS also revived the false story that
terrorists had broken Air Force One's secret codes, even though
it was CBS who debunked that same story nearly a year earlier. [CBS,
9/11/02]
Vital Questions Remain Unanswered
Needless to say, in the anniversary hoopla, Bush
and other leaders were described as "resolute," "brave,"
"strong," and so forth. Even the minor level of media
criticism just after 9/11 that led to several reporters losing their
jobs was absent. The topic of Bush's behavior on 9/11 has been barely
mentioned in the media since.
There are many questions that deserve answers. So
many pieces of the puzzle do not fit. Simply by reading the mainstream
media reports, we can see that mere incompetence doesn't explain
what happened to Bush on that day. For instance, it makes no sense
that Bush would listen to a story about a goat long after being
told the US was under attack, and even after the Secret Service
decided to immediately evacuate him from the school. It defies explanation
that Air Force One's fighter escort took two hours to appear. And
it is mind-boggling that there are seven different versions of how
Bush learned about the first crash.
It's doubtful that the Independent Commission investigation
will look critically at what Bush did on 9/11 and why he did it.
Despite the contradictory reports, no one in the mainstream media
has yet demanded clarification of the many obvious inconsistencies
and problems of the official version. Anyone even asking questions
has been quickly insulted as anti-American, accused of bashing the
president in a time of war, or branded a conspiracy nut. Only a
few relatives of the 9/11 attacks have been able to raise these
issues publicly. For instance, Kristen Breitweiser told Phil Donahue:
"It was clear that we were under attack. Why didn't the Secret
Service whisk [Bush] out of that school? ... [H]e is the commander-in-chief
of the United States of America, our country was clearly under attack,
it was after the second building was hit. I want to know why he
sat there for 25 minutes." [Donahue, 8/13/02] But so far, few
have listened to their concerns.
Because the media has failed in its role to ask
these questions, much less attempt to answer them, it is now the
responsibility of ordinary Americans -- of you, of me, and the people
we know -- to gather the information, look for answers, and sound
the alarm.
---
Allan Wood has assisted with the research for,
and editing of, the 9/11 Timeline. He is also a member of 911CitizensWatch.org.
Any questions, comments, or additional information regarding this
article can be sent to his email: aninterestingday @hotmail.com
(remove the space). Paul Thompson is the creator of the Complete
9/11 Timeline. Thanks to Melissa Kavonic for assisting in the proofreading
of the article
----
Reader Comments
No Comments.
|
|
|